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Lean Green Belt Six Sigma Processes
Six Sigma is a data-driven process re-engineering methodology resulting in paradigm shifts in the way a company behaves, treats its customers, and produces its products. It has been used for over 15 years in a number of companies including General Electric, Allied Signal and Texas Instruments. Why has six sigma been so effective? Lean strategies find errors and defects in the process before they become a major issues, saving significant money and time.
Six Sigma performance implies a level of process and product performance of no more than 3.4 defects per million chances for defect. Five Sigma, in turn, is 233 per million, Four Sigma is 6,210 per million, while Three Sigma implies 66,807 per million chances for defect. Most companies in North America are between 3 and 4 Sigma, while truly world-class performers are Six Sigma or better. Six Sigma companies produce vastly superior, reliable, and customer-satisfying products, faster, better, cheaper, and more efficiently than their competitors, translating higher quality for their customers into lower costs for themselves. Companies which are at Three or Four Sigma, are typically not actively trying to improve themselves, are often stagnant and complacent, fighting to stay one step ahead of the competition, and not really aware of how poorly they are performing. They also typically do not believe Six Sigma Performance is viable.
For any process, variation is the main reason for poor performance, and the key focus of Six Sigma. Defects arise from variation, arising in turn from either process, material, or design inadequacies. A defect results when a characteristic doesn't conform to a standard, and can be uniformly or randomly distributed in a process. Closely related to the concept of defects is the metric Defects per Unit. In this chapter DPU and the associated concepts are discussed. Another concept closely related to defects is Process Yield. The larger the number of defects in a production batch, the lower the yield. There are several types of yield, such as first-time yield, rolled throughput yield and normalized yield. These metrics are closely linked to defects, defects per unit, and the process' Sigma value.
Process Capability refers to the ability of a process to perform to the target and specifications set out for it. Processes can be precise and/or accurate, according to the inherent variation and how well targeted they are. Process targeting is determined by the statistic called Mean, the average value of the process output variable, while process variation, or spread, is measured by the statistic Standard Deviation.
About the Author six sigma green belt Special offer to help you gain six sigma lean certification. http://www.greenbelt6sigma.com Jacquelyn Donner, Master Six Sigma Black Belt
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