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Free Radical Theory and Antioxidants
A free radical is an atom or molecule with a single electron in an outer shell. It is used mostly to explain the aging process.
The free radical theory is mainly concerned with free radicals. However, it has now evolved to include oxidative damaged from reactive oxygen species such as O2-, H2O2, or OH-. In some living organisms, it is interesting to note that there is evidence showing antioxidants extending the life span of the organisms.
Herman deduced his theory from two principles. First, the rate of living theory, which implies that lifespan is an inverse function of metabolic rate. And second, Rebbeca Gershman observed that hyperbaric oxygen toxicity as well as radiation toxicity are based on the same phenomenon - oxygen free radicals. Therefore, he drew the conclusion that since radiation causes mutation, cancer, and aging, oxygen free radicals that are produced during normal breathing would also cause similar results. Organism will gradually break down, and eventually dies. The body becomes weak and vulnerable to diseases.
Everyone knows that many diseases are associated with old age. As the body begins to age, the metabolic rate drops and the immune system weakens. In later years, free radical theory is expanded to include many of the diseases that are related to old age. They include cancer, arthritis, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and diabetes.
Over the years, lots of clinical research has been carried out to better establish the relationship between free radicals, aging, and numerous related diseases. The theory seems to imply that various antioxidants such as Vitamin C, Vitamin E and Superoxide dismutase will slow down the natural process of aging. In other words, the living cells in the body do not die as easily. This leads to a stronger immune system that will help prevent undesirable diseases.
Another interesting finding is that restricting caloric intake can help reduce oxidative activities and help increase the lifespan of rodents. Further studies show that eating less frequently, or fasting intermittently can help suppress the development of diseases. The rodents are found to be more stress resistant, and lifespan is extended by an astonishing 30% to 40%. The implication is that if rodents are benefiting from restricted caloric intake, so will humans.
From such findings, it makes good sense for an individual to keep to a diet that mostly consists of fruits and vegetables. Such a diet contains very little calories, thus discouraging oxidative activities.
Also, according to the free radical theory, regular consumption of health supplements such as pills or juices (by Mona Vie) with high amounts of antioxidants may help improve overall health.
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